fermentation 音标拼音: [f
, ɚmənt'eʃən]
n . 发酵作用;大骚乱
发酵作用;大骚乱
fermentation n 1 :
a state of agitation or turbulent change or development ;
"
the political ferment produced new leadership "; "
social unrest " [
synonym : {
agitation }, {
ferment }, {
fermentation },
{
tempestuousness }, {
unrest }]
2 :
a process in which an agent causes an organic substance to break down into simpler substances ;
especially ,
the anaerobic breakdown of sugar into alcohol [
synonym : {
zymosis }, {
zymolysis },
{
fermentation }, {
fermenting }, {
ferment }]
Fermentation \
Fer `
men *
ta "
tion \ (
f [~
e ]
r `
m [
e ^]
n *
t [=
a ]"
sh [
u ^]
n ),
n .
[
Cf .
F .
fermentation .]
1 .
The process of undergoing an effervescent change ,
as by the action of yeast ;
in a wider sense (
Physiol .
Chem .),
the transformation of an organic substance into new compounds by the action of a {
ferment [
1 ]},
whether in the form of living organisms or enzymes .
It differs in kind according to the nature of the ferment which causes it .
Note :
In industrial microbiology fermentation usually refers to the production of chemical substances by use of microorganisms .
[
1913 Webster PJC ]
2 .
A state of agitation or excitement ,
as of the intellect or the feelings .
[
1913 Webster ]
It puts the soul to fermentation and activity .
--
Jer .
Taylor .
[
1913 Webster ]
A univesal fermentation of human thought and faith .
--
C .
Kingsley .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Acetous fermentation }
or {
Acetic fermentation },
a form of oxidation in which alcohol is converted into vinegar or acetic acid by the agency of a specific fungus ({
Mycoderma aceti })
or series of enzymes .
The process involves two distinct reactions ,
in which the oxygen of the air is essential .
An intermediate product ,
acetaldehyde ,
is formed in the first process .
1 .
C2H6O O [
rarr ]
H2O C2H4O Note :
Alcohol .
Water .
Acetaldehyde .
2 .
C2H4O O [
rarr ]
C2H4O2 Note :
Acetaldehyde .
Acetic acid .
{
Alcoholic fermentation },
the fermentation which saccharine bodies undergo when brought in contact with the yeast plant or Torula .
The sugar is converted ,
either directly or indirectly ,
into alcohol and carbonic acid ,
the rate of action being dependent on the rapidity with which the Torul [
ae ]
develop .
{
Ammoniacal fermentation },
the conversion of the urea of the urine into ammonium carbonate ,
through the growth of the special urea ferment .
CON2H4 2H2O = (
NH4 )
2CO3 Note :
Urea .
Water .
Ammonium carbonate .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
Whenever urine is exposed to the air in open vessels for several days it undergoes this alkaline fermentation .
{
Butyric fermentation },
the decomposition of various forms of organic matter ,
through the agency of a peculiar worm -
shaped vibrio ,
with formation of more or less butyric acid .
It is one of the many forms of fermentation that collectively constitute putrefaction .
See {
Lactic fermentation }.
{
enzymatic fermentation }
or {
Fermentation by an unorganized ferment }.
Fermentations of this class are purely chemical reactions ,
in which the enzyme acts as a simple catalytic agent .
Of this nature are the decomposition or inversion of cane sugar into levulose and dextrose by boiling with dilute acids ,
the conversion of starch into dextrin and sugar by similar treatment ,
the conversion of starch into like products by the action of diastase of malt or ptyalin of saliva ,
the conversion of albuminous food into peptones and other like products by the action of pepsin -
hydrochloric acid of the gastric juice or by the ferment of the pancreatic juice .
{
Fermentation theory of disease } (
Biol . &
Med .),
the theory that most if not all ,
infectious or zymotic disease are caused by the introduction into the organism of the living germs of ferments ,
or ferments already developed (
organized ferments ),
by which processes of fermentation are set up injurious to health .
See {
Germ theory }.
{
Glycerin fermentation },
the fermentation which occurs on mixing a dilute solution of glycerin with a peculiar species of schizomycetes and some carbonate of lime ,
and other matter favorable to the growth of the plant ,
the glycerin being changed into butyric acid ,
caproic acid ,
butyl ,
and ethyl alcohol .
With another form of bacterium ({
Bacillus subtilis })
ethyl alcohol and butyric acid are mainly formed .
{
Lactic fermentation },
the transformation of milk sugar or other saccharine body into lactic acid ,
as in the souring of milk ,
through the agency of a special bacterium ({
Bacterium lactis }
of Lister ).
In this change the milk sugar ,
before assuming the form of lactic acid ,
presumably passes through the stage of glucose .
C12H22O11 .
H2O -->
4C3H6O3 Note :
Hydrated milk sugar .
Lactic acid .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
In the lactic fermentation of dextrose or glucose ,
the lactic acid which is formed is very prone to undergo butyric fermentation after the manner indicated in the following equation :
2C3H6O3 (
lactic acid ) -->
C4H8O2 (
butyric acid )
2CO2 (
carbonic acid )
2H2 (
hydrogen gas ).
{
Putrefactive fermentation }.
See {
Putrefaction }.
[
1913 Webster ]
112 Moby Thesaurus words for "
fermentation ":
acescence ,
acetification ,
acidification ,
acidulation ,
ado ,
agitation ,
alkalization ,
bluster ,
bobbery ,
boil ,
boiling ,
brouhaha ,
bubbliness ,
bubbling ,
bustle ,
carbonation ,
catalysis ,
chemicalization ,
churn ,
commotion ,
conturbation ,
discomposure ,
disorder ,
disquiet ,
disquietude ,
disturbance ,
ebullience ,
ebulliency ,
ebullition ,
eddy ,
effervescence ,
effervescency ,
electrolysis ,
embroilment ,
excitement ,
feery -
fary ,
ferment ,
fever ,
feverishness ,
fidgets ,
fizz ,
fizzle ,
flap ,
flurry ,
fluster ,
flutteration ,
foaming ,
foment ,
frothiness ,
frothing ,
fume ,
fuss ,
hubbub ,
hurly -
burly ,
hurry ,
hurry -
scurry ,
hydrogenation ,
inquietude ,
isomerism ,
jitters ,
jumpiness ,
leaven ,
leavening ,
maelstrom ,
malaise ,
metamerism ,
metamerization ,
moil ,
nerviness ,
nervosity ,
nervousness ,
nitration ,
oxidation ,
oxidization ,
pell -
mell ,
perturbation ,
phosphatization ,
polymerism ,
polymerization ,
position isomerism ,
reduction ,
restlessness ,
roil ,
rout ,
row ,
ruffle ,
saturization ,
seethe ,
seething ,
souring ,
sparkle ,
spumescence ,
stir ,
swirl ,
swirling ,
to -
do ,
trepidation ,
trepidity ,
tumult ,
tumultuation ,
turbidity ,
turbulence ,
turmoil ,
twitter ,
unease ,
unrest ,
uproar ,
upset ,
vortex ,
whirl ,
working ,
yeastiness
安装中文字典英文字典查询工具!
中文字典英文字典工具:
复制到剪贴板
英文字典中文字典相关资料:
YouTube Enjoy the videos and music you love, upload original content, and share it all with friends, family, and the world on YouTube
YouTube - Apps on Google Play Get the official YouTube app on Android phones and tablets See what the world is watching -- from the hottest music videos to what’s popular in gaming, fashion, beauty, news, learning and more
YouTube App - App Store Get the official YouTube app on iPhones and iPads See what the world is watching -- from the hottest music videos to what’s popular in gaming, fashion, beauty, news, learning and more
YouTube - Wikipedia YouTube was founded by Chad Hurley, Jawed Karim, and Steve Chen The three were early employees at PayPal and had become wealthy after eBay 's acquisition of the company [15] Hurley had studied design at the Indiana University of Pennsylvania, and Chen and Karim studied computer science together at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign [16] According to a story that has often been
Official YouTube Blog for Latest YouTube News Insights Explore our official blog for the latest news about YouTube, creator and artist profiles, culture and trends analyses, and behind-the-scenes insights
Before you continue to YouTube Personalized content and ads can also include things like video recommendations, a customized YouTube homepage, and tailored ads based on past activity, like the videos you watch and the things
YouTube Help - Google Help Official YouTube Help Center where you can find tips and tutorials on using YouTube and other answers to frequently asked questions
The Latest YouTube News, Events, Announcements - YouTube Blog Discover everything that is happening at YouTube, from the latest news and events, to the most recent announcements and platform updates
YouTube TV - Watch DVR Live Sports, Shows News YouTube TV lets you stream live and local sports, news, shows from 100+ channels including CBS, FOX, NBC, HGTV, TNT, and more We’ve got complete local network coverage in over 98% of US TV
Made On YouTube 2025 – Official YouTube Blog Explore all the ways YouTube is empowering creators and making our platform the best place to create, period