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referendum    音标拼音: [r,ɛfɚ'ɛndəm]
n. 公民投票,普通投票,请示书

公民投票,普通投票,请示书

referendum
n 1: a legislative act is referred for final approval to a
popular vote by the electorate

Referendum \Ref`er*en"dum\ (r?f`?r*?n"d?m), n.; pl. {-da}
[Gerundive fr. L. referre. See {Refer}.]
1. A diplomatic agent's note asking for instructions from his
government concerning a particular matter or point.
[1913 Webster]

2. The right to approve or reject by popular vote a meassure
passed upon by a legislature.
[1913 Webster]

3. The principle or practice of referring measures passed
upon by the legislative body to the body of voters, or
electorate, for approval or rejection, as in the Swiss
cantons (except Freiburg) and in various local governments
in the United States, and also in the local option laws,
etc.; also, the right to so approve or reject laws, or the
vote by which this is done. Referendum is distinguished
from the mandate, or instruction of representatives by the
people, from direct government by the people, in which
they initiate and make the laws by direct action without
representation, and from a plebiscite, or popular vote
taken on any measure proposed by a person or body having
the initiative but not constituting a representative or
constituent body.
[Webster 1913 Suppl.]

83 Moby Thesaurus words for "referendum":
Australian ballot, Hare system, aye, ballot, by-election, canvass,
canvassing, casting vote, caucus, closed primary,
congressional election, constitutional referendum,
contested election, counting heads, cumulative voting,
deciding vote, direct initiative, direct primary, division,
election, enfranchisement, facultative referendum, fagot vote,
franchise, general election, graveyard vote, hand vote,
indirect initiative, initiative, list system, mandate,
mandatory primary, mandatory referendum, nay, no,
nonpartisan primary, nontransferable vote, open primary,
optional primary, partisan election, plebiscite, plebiscitum,
plumper, plural vote, poll, polling, preference primary,
preferential voting, presidential election,
presidential preference primary, presidential primary, primary,
primary election, proportional representation, proxy, recall,
record vote, representation, right to vote, rising vote, runoff,
runoff election, runoff primary, say, secret ballot, show of hands,
single vote, snap vote, statutory referendum, straw vote, suffrage,
transferable vote, viva voce, voice, voice vote, vote, voting,
voting right, write-in, write-in vote, yea, yeas and nays, yes


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  • What Is a Referendum? Types, Process, and Legal Limits
    Learn how ballot measures get on the ballot, what makes them binding, and where courts draw the line A referendum is a direct vote where citizens decide on a specific law, policy, or constitutional change rather than leaving the decision to elected officials
  • REFERENDUM Definition Meaning - Merriam-Webster
    The meaning of REFERENDUM is the principle or practice of submitting to popular vote a measure passed on or proposed by a legislative body or by popular initiative
  • Initiatives and referendums in the United States - Wikipedia
    In the politics of the United States, the process of initiatives and referendums allow citizens of many U S states [1] to place legislation on the ballot for a referendum or popular vote, either enacting new legislation, or voting down existing legislation
  • What Is a Referendum and How Does It Work? - LegalClarity
    Here's how the process works, from petition rules and signature deadlines to the final vote A referendum lets voters weigh in directly on a law or policy question instead of leaving every decision to elected representatives
  • Referendum and initiative | Definition, Forms, History, Facts . . .
    referendum and initiative, electoral devices by which voters may express their wishes with regard to government policy or proposed legislation They exist in a variety of forms The referendum may be obligatory or optional
  • Referendum - California Secretary of State
    If at least 131 days remain before the next statewide general election, the referendum would be eligible, but not yet qualified, for that ballot On the 131st day before that election, the SOS must issue a certificate certifying that the eligible referendum measure is qualified for that ballot
  • Referendum - Ballotpedia
    Both types of ballot measures regard bills that legislators passed and have been placed on the ballot for voters to decide, either through a citizen-initiated process (veto referendum) or a legislative referral process (legislative referendum)
  • Direct Democracy in America: Your Guide to Referendums, Initiatives . . .
    A referendum submits significant decisions—typically proposed or existing laws—directly to voters Cornell Law School’s Legal Information Institute defines it as an election used to refer final decisions to the public for direct votes
  • Swiss reject population cap in referendum, avoiding EU clash and . . . - CNN
    A pedestrian walks past posters campaigning to vote in the referendum over whether to cap Switzerland's population to 10 million





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