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cognomen    
n. 姓,绰号

姓,绰号

cognomen
n 1: a familiar name for a person (often a shortened version of
a person's given name); "Joe's mother would not use his
nickname and always called him Joseph"; "Henry's nickname
was Slim" [synonym: {nickname}, {moniker}, {cognomen},
{sobriquet}, {soubriquet}, {byname}]
2: the name used to identify the members of a family (as
distinguished from each member's given name) [synonym: {surname},
{family name}, {cognomen}, {last name}]

Name \Name\ (n[=a]m), n. [AS. nama; akin to D. naam, OS. & OHG.
namo, G. name, Icel. nafn, for namn, Dan. navn, Sw. namn,
Goth. nam[=o], L. nomen (perh. influenced by noscere,
gnoscere, to learn to know), Gr. 'o`mona, Scr. n[=a]man.
[root]267. Cf. {Anonymous}, {Ignominy}, {Misnomer},
{Nominal}, {Noun}.]
1. The title by which any person or thing is known or
designated; a distinctive specific appellation, whether of
an individual or a class.
[1913 Webster]

Whatsoever Adam called every living creature, that
was the name thereof. --Gen. ii. 19.
[1913 Webster]

What's in a name? That which we call a rose
By any other name would smell as sweet. --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

2. A descriptive or qualifying appellation given to a person
or thing, on account of a character or acts.
[1913 Webster]

His name shall be called Wonderful, Counsellor, The
mighty God, The everlasting Father, The Prince of
Peace. --Is. ix. 6.
[1913 Webster]

3. Reputed character; reputation, good or bad; estimation;
fame; especially, illustrious character or fame; honorable
estimation; distinction.
[1913 Webster]

What men of name resort to him? --Shak.
[1913 Webster]

Far above . . . every name that is named, not only
in this world, but also in that which is to come.
--Eph. i. 21.
[1913 Webster]

I will get me a name and honor in the kingdom. --1
Macc. iii. 14.
[1913 Webster]

He hath brought up an evil name upon a virgin.
--Deut. xxii.
19.
[1913 Webster]

The king's army . . . had left no good name behind.
--Clarendon.
[1913 Webster]

4. Those of a certain name; a race; a family.
[1913 Webster]

The ministers of the republic, mortal enemies of his
name, came every day to pay their feigned
civilities. --Motley.
[1913 Webster]

5. A person, an individual. [Poetic]
[1913 Webster]

They list with women each degenerate name. --Dryden.
[1913 Webster]

{Christian name}.
(a) The name a person receives at baptism, as
distinguished from {surname}; baptismal name; in
western countries, it is also called a {first name}.
(b) A given name, whether received at baptism or not.

{Given name}. See under {Given}.

{In name}, in profession, or by title only; not in reality;
as, a friend in name.

{In the name of}.
(a) In behalf of; by the authority of. " I charge you in
the duke's name to obey me." --Shak.
(b) In the represented or assumed character of. "I'll to
him again in name of Brook." --Shak.

{Name plate}, a plate as of metal, glass, etc., having a name
upon it, as a sign; a doorplate.

{Pen name}, a name assumed by an author; a pseudonym or {nom
de plume}. --Bayard Taylor.

{Proper name} (Gram.), a name applied to a particular person,
place, or thing.

{To call names}, to apply opprobrious epithets to; to call by
reproachful appellations.

{To take a name in vain}, to use a name lightly or profanely;
to use a name in making flippant or dishonest oaths. --Ex.
xx. 7.
[1913 Webster]

Syn: Appellation; title; designation; cognomen; denomination;
epithet.

Usage: {Name}, {Appellation}, {Title}, {Denomination}. Name
is generic, denoting that combination of sounds or
letters by which a person or thing is known and
distinguished. Appellation, although sometimes put for
name simply, denotes, more properly, a descriptive
term (called also {agnomen} or {cognomen}), used by
way of marking some individual peculiarity or
characteristic; as, Charles the Bold, Philip the
Stammerer. A title is a term employed to point out
one's rank, office, etc.; as, the Duke of Bedford,
Paul the Apostle, etc. Denomination is to particular
bodies what appellation is to individuals; thus, the
church of Christ is divided into different
denominations, as Congregationalists, Episcopalians,
Presbyterians, etc.
[1913 Webster]


Cognomen \Cog*no"men\, n. [L.: co- (g)nomen name.]
1. The last of the three names of a person among the ancient
Romans, denoting his house or family.
[1913 Webster]

2. (Eng. Law) A surname.
[1913 Webster]

47 Moby Thesaurus words for "cognomen":
affectionate name, agnomen, appellation, appellative, binomen,
binomial name, byname, byword, cryptonym, denomination,
designation, diminutive, empty title, epithet, eponym, euonym,
family name, handle, honorific, hypocoristic, hyponym, label,
last name, maiden name, married name, matronymic, moniker, name,
namesake, nickname, nomen, nomen nudum, patronymic, pet name,
praenomen, proper name, proper noun, scientific name, secret name,
sobriquet, style, surname, tag, tautonym, title, trinomen,
trinomial name


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