brake 音标拼音: [br'ek]
n . 制动器,刹车,闸
vt . 制动,刹车
制动器,刹车,闸制动,刹车
brake n 1 :
a restraint used to slow or stop a vehicle 2 :
any of various ferns of the genus Pteris having pinnately compound leaves and including several popular houseplants 3 :
large coarse fern often several feet high ;
essentially weed ferns ;
cosmopolitan [
synonym : {
bracken }, {
pasture brake },
{
brake }, {
Pteridium aquilinum }]
4 :
an area thickly overgrown usually with one kind of plant 5 :
anything that slows or hinders a process ; "
she wan not ready to put the brakes on her life with a marriage "; "
new legislation will put the brakes on spending "
v 1 :
stop travelling by applying a brake ; "
We had to brake suddenly when a chicken crossed the road "
2 :
cause to stop by applying the brakes ; "
brake the car before you go into a curve "
Break \
Break \ (
br [=
a ]
k ),
v .
t . [
imp . {
broke } (
br [=
o ]
k ), (
Obs .
{
Brake });
p .
p . {
Broken } (
br [=
o ]"
k '
n ), (
Obs . {
Broke });
p .
pr .
&
vb .
n . {
Breaking }.] [
OE .
breken ,
AS .
brecan ;
akin to OS .
brekan ,
D .
breken ,
OHG .
brehhan ,
G .
brechen ,
Icel .
braka to creak ,
Sw .
braka ,
br [
aum ]
kka to crack ,
Dan .
br [
ae ]
kke to break ,
Goth .
brikan to break ,
L .
frangere .
Cf . {
Bray }
to pound , {
Breach }, {
Fragile }.]
1 .
To strain apart ;
to sever by fracture ;
to divide with violence ;
as ,
to break a rope or chain ;
to break a seal ;
to break an axle ;
to break rocks or coal ;
to break a lock .
--
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
To lay open as by breaking ;
to divide ;
as ,
to break a package of goods .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
To lay open ,
as a purpose ;
to disclose ,
divulge ,
or communicate .
[
1913 Webster ]
Katharine ,
break thy mind to me . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
To infringe or violate ,
as an obligation ,
law ,
or promise .
[
1913 Webster ]
Out ,
out ,
hyena !
these are thy wonted arts . . .
To break all faith ,
all vows ,
deceive ,
betray .
--
Milton [
1913 Webster ]
5 .
To interrupt ;
to destroy the continuity of ;
to dissolve or terminate ;
as ,
to break silence ;
to break one '
s sleep ;
to break one '
s journey .
[
1913 Webster ]
Go ,
release them ,
Ariel ;
My charms I '
ll break ,
their senses I '
ll restore .
--
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
6 .
To destroy the completeness of ;
to remove a part from ;
as ,
to break a set .
[
1913 Webster ]
7 .
To destroy the arrangement of ;
to throw into disorder ;
to pierce ;
as ,
the cavalry were not able to break the British squares .
[
1913 Webster ]
8 .
To shatter to pieces ;
to reduce to fragments .
[
1913 Webster ]
The victim broke in pieces the musical instruments with which he had solaced the hours of captivity .
--
Prescott .
[
1913 Webster ]
9 .
To exchange for other money or currency of smaller denomination ;
as ,
to break a five dollar bill .
[
1913 Webster ]
10 .
To destroy the strength ,
firmness ,
or consistency of ;
as ,
to break flax .
[
1913 Webster ]
11 .
To weaken or impair ,
as health ,
spirit ,
or mind .
[
1913 Webster ]
An old man ,
broken with the storms of state .
--
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
12 .
To diminish the force of ;
to lessen the shock of ,
as a fall or blow .
[
1913 Webster ]
I '
ll rather leap down first ,
and break your fall .
--
Dryden .
[
1913 Webster ]
13 .
To impart ,
as news or information ;
to broach ; --
with to ,
and often with a modified word implying some reserve ;
as ,
to break the news gently to the widow ;
to break a purpose cautiously to a friend .
[
1913 Webster ]
14 .
To tame ;
to reduce to subjection ;
to make tractable ;
to discipline ;
as ,
to break a horse to the harness or saddle . "
To break a colt ." --
Spenser .
[
1913 Webster ]
Why ,
then thou canst not break her to the lute ?
--
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
15 .
To destroy the financial credit of ;
to make bankrupt ;
to ruin .
[
1913 Webster ]
With arts like these rich Matho ,
when he speaks ,
Attracts all fees ,
and little lawyers breaks .
--
Dryden .
[
1913 Webster ]
16 .
To destroy the official character and standing of ;
to cashier ;
to dismiss .
[
1913 Webster ]
I see a great officer broken . --
Swift .
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
With prepositions or adverbs :
[
1913 Webster ]
{
To break down }.
(
a )
To crush ;
to overwhelm ;
as ,
to break down one '
s strength ;
to break down opposition .
(
b )
To remove ,
or open a way through ,
by breaking ;
as ,
to break down a door or wall .
{
To break in }.
(
a )
To force in ;
as ,
to break in a door .
(
b )
To train ;
to discipline ;
as ,
a horse well broken in .
{
To break of },
to rid of ;
to cause to abandon ;
as ,
to break one of a habit .
{
To break off }.
(
a )
To separate by breaking ;
as ,
to break off a twig .
(
b )
To stop suddenly ;
to abandon . "
Break off thy sins by righteousness ." --
Dan .
iv .
27 .
{
To break open },
to open by breaking . "
Open the door ,
or I will break it open ." --
Shak .
{
To break out },
to take or force out by breaking ;
as ,
to break out a pane of glass .
{
To break out a cargo },
to unstow a cargo ,
so as to unload it easily .
{
To break through }.
(
a )
To make an opening through ,
as ,
as by violence or the force of gravity ;
to pass violently through ;
as ,
to break through the enemy '
s lines ;
to break through the ice .
(
b )
To disregard ;
as ,
to break through the ceremony .
{
To break up }.
(
a )
To separate into parts ;
to plow (
new or fallow ground ). "
Break up this capon ." --
Shak . "
Break up your fallow ground ." --
Jer .
iv .
3 .
(
b )
To dissolve ;
to put an end to . "
Break up the court ."
--
Shak .
{
To break } (
one ) {
all up },
to unsettle or disconcert completely ;
to upset . [
Colloq .]
[
1913 Webster ]
Note :
With an immediate object :
[
1913 Webster ]
{
To break the back }.
(
a )
To dislocate the backbone ;
hence ,
to disable totally .
(
b )
To get through the worst part of ;
as ,
to break the back of a difficult undertaking .
{
To break bulk },
to destroy the entirety of a load by removing a portion of it ;
to begin to unload ;
also ,
to transfer in detail ,
as from boats to cars .
{
To break a code }
to discover a method to convert coded messages into the original understandable text .
{
To break cover },
to burst forth from a protecting concealment ,
as game when hunted .
{
To break a deer }
or {
To break a stag },
to cut it up and apportion the parts among those entitled to a share .
{
To break fast },
to partake of food after abstinence .
See {
Breakfast }.
{
To break ground }.
(
a )
To open the earth as for planting ;
to commence excavation ,
as for building ,
siege operations ,
and the like ;
as ,
to break ground for a foundation ,
a canal ,
or a railroad .
(
b )
Fig .:
To begin to execute any plan .
(
c ) (
Naut .)
To release the anchor from the bottom .
{
To break the heart },
to crush or overwhelm (
one )
with grief .
{
To break a house } (
Law ),
to remove or set aside with violence and a felonious intent any part of a house or of the fastenings provided to secure it .
{
To break the ice },
to get through first difficulties ;
to overcome obstacles and make a beginning ;
to introduce a subject .
{
To break jail },
to escape from confinement in jail ,
usually by forcible means .
{
To break a jest },
to utter a jest . "
Patroclus . . .
the livelong day breaks scurril jests ." --
Shak .
{
To break joints },
to lay or arrange bricks ,
shingles ,
etc .,
so that the joints in one course shall not coincide with those in the preceding course .
{
To break a lance },
to engage in a tilt or contest .
{
To break the neck },
to dislocate the joints of the neck .
{
To break no squares },
to create no trouble . [
Obs .]
{
To break a path }, {
road },
etc .,
to open a way through obstacles by force or labor .
{
To break upon a wheel },
to execute or torture ,
as a criminal by stretching him upon a wheel ,
and breaking his limbs with an iron bar ; --
a mode of punishment formerly employed in some countries .
{
To break wind },
to give vent to wind from the anus .
[
1913 Webster ]
Syn :
To dispart ;
rend ;
tear ;
shatter ;
batter ;
violate ;
infringe ;
demolish ;
destroy ;
burst ;
dislocate .
[
1913 Webster ]
Brake \
Brake \ (
br [=
a ]
k ),
imp .
of {
Break }. [
Arhaic ] --
Tennyson .
[
1913 Webster ]
Brake \
Brake \,
n . [
OE .
brake fern ;
cf .
AS .
bracce fern ,
LG .
brake willow bush ,
Da .
bregne fern ,
G .
brach fallow ;
prob .
orig .
the growth on rough ,
broken ground ,
fr .
the root of E .
break .
See {
Break },
v .
t .,
cf . {
Bracken },
and 2d {
Brake },
n .]
[
1913 Webster ]
1 . (
Bot .)
A fern of the genus {
Pteris },
esp .
the {
Pteris aquilina },
common in almost all countries .
It has solitary stems dividing into three principal branches .
Less properly :
Any fern .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
A thicket ;
a place overgrown with shrubs and brambles ,
with undergrowth and ferns ,
or with canes .
[
1913 Webster ]
Rounds rising hillocks ,
brakes obscure and rough ,
To shelter thee from tempest and from rain . --
Shak .
[
1913 Webster ]
He stayed not for brake ,
and he stopped not for stone . --
Sir W .
Scott .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Cane brake },
a thicket of canes .
See {
Canebrake }.
[
1913 Webster ]
Brake \
Brake \ (
br [=
a ]
k ),
n . [
OE .
brake ;
cf .
LG .
brake an instrument for breaking flax ,
G .
breche ,
fr .
the root of E .
break .
See Break ,
v .
t .,
and cf . {
Breach }.]
1 .
An instrument or machine to break or bruise the woody part of flax or hemp so that it may be separated from the fiber .
[
1913 Webster ]
2 .
An extended handle by means of which a number of men can unite in working a pump ,
as in a fire engine .
[
1913 Webster ]
3 .
A baker '
s kneading though . --
Johnson .
[
1913 Webster ]
4 .
A sharp bit or snaffle .
[
1913 Webster ]
Pampered jades . . .
which need nor break nor bit .
--
Gascoigne .
[
1913 Webster ]
5 .
A frame for confining a refractory horse while the smith is shoeing him ;
also ,
an inclosure to restrain cattle ,
horses ,
etc .
[
1913 Webster ]
A horse . . .
which Philip had bought . . .
and because of his fierceness kept him within a brake of iron bars . --
J .
Brende .
[
1913 Webster ]
6 .
That part of a carriage ,
as of a movable battery ,
or engine ,
which enables it to turn .
[
1913 Webster ]
7 . (
Mil .)
An ancient engine of war analogous to the crossbow and ballista .
[
1913 Webster ]
8 . (
Agric .)
A large ,
heavy harrow for breaking clods after plowing ;
a drag .
[
1913 Webster ]
9 .
A piece of mechanism for retarding or stopping motion by friction ,
as of a carriage or railway car ,
by the pressure of rubbers against the wheels ,
or of clogs or ratchets against the track or roadway ,
or of a pivoted lever against a wheel or drum in a machine .
[
1913 Webster ]
10 . (
Engin .)
An apparatus for testing the power of a steam engine ,
or other motor ,
by weighing the amount of friction that the motor will overcome ;
a friction brake .
[
1913 Webster ]
11 .
A cart or carriage without a body ,
used in breaking in horses .
[
1913 Webster ]
12 .
An ancient instrument of torture . --
Holinshed .
[
1913 Webster ]
{
Air brake }.
See {
Air brake },
in the Vocabulary .
{
Brake beam }
or {
Brake bar },
the beam that connects the brake blocks of opposite wheels .
{
Brake block }.
(
a )
The part of a brake holding the brake shoe .
(
b )
A brake shoe .
{
Brake shoe }
or {
Brake rubber },
the part of a brake against which the wheel rubs .
{
Brake wheel },
a wheel on the platform or top of a car by which brakes are operated .
{
Continuous brake } .
See under {
Continuous }.
[
1913 Webster ]
104 Moby Thesaurus words for "
brake ":
arrest ,
backpedal ,
backwater ,
bar ,
bearing rein ,
bit ,
block ,
boscage ,
bosket ,
bring to ,
bring up short ,
canebrake ,
ceja ,
chain ,
chamisal ,
chaparral ,
check ,
checkmate ,
checkrein ,
chock ,
clip the wings ,
clog ,
constraint ,
control ,
coppice ,
copse ,
copsewood ,
countercheck ,
covert ,
curb ,
curb bit ,
cut short ,
dam ,
damper ,
deadlock ,
decelerate ,
delay ,
detain ,
doorstop ,
drag ,
drag sail ,
draw rein ,
drift anchor ,
drift sail ,
drogue ,
ease off ,
ease up ,
fetter ,
freeze ,
frith ,
halt ,
hold back ,
hold in check ,
hold up ,
holdback ,
impede ,
keep back ,
let down ,
let up ,
lose ground ,
lose momentum ,
lose speed ,
martingale ,
moderate ,
motte ,
obstruct ,
pelham ,
pull up ,
put paid to ,
reef ,
rein ,
rein in ,
relax ,
remora ,
restraint ,
restriction ,
retard ,
scotch ,
sea anchor ,
set back ,
shackle ,
slack off ,
slack up ,
slacken ,
slow ,
slow down ,
slow up ,
snaffle ,
spoke ,
stalemate ,
stall ,
stay ,
stem ,
stem the tide ,
stop ,
stop cold ,
stop dead ,
stop short ,
stymie ,
take in sail ,
thicket ,
thickset ,
throttle down ,
trammel
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